REALITYWIPE

BY_THE_NUMBERS

The science of social anxiety: why the audience in your head is bigger than the real one

Your brain runs a script: everyone is watching, everyone can see you're nervous, and every awkward moment is being recorded. Thirty years of experiments say the script is wrong on all three counts. Observers notice roughly half of what we assume they do, felt nervousness is mostly invisible, and the things we do to hide the fear — rehearsing lines, avoiding eye contact, gripping the glass — are what keep it alive. Here is what the research actually shows.

~2xHow much people overestimated the number of observers who noticed their embarrassing T-shirt in the original spotlight-effect studies12.1%Lifetime prevalence of social anxiety disorder in the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication — one of the most common anxiety disorders48%Share of variance in social anxiety explained by the four Clark & Wells maintenance processes — negative cognitions, self-focused attention, safety behaviors, and pre/post-event processing8/8Socially phobic patients for whom exposure plus external attention focus beat exposure alone at reducing anxiety and feared-catastrophe beliefs (Wells & Papageorgiou, 1998)
View full research filetest your knowledgeAll research